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Israel Labor Market Statistics: An Overview
This profile presents selected labour market data for Israel, typically for the latest year available, covering a wide range of key aspects such as labour force participation, employment, labour underutilization, working conditions, social protection, and occupational safety and health.
These statistics provide a broad overview of progress toward decent work for all and highlight disparities within the labour market.
Notes:
- * = ILO modelled estimates. Otherwise, national figures.
- Data are based on the latest statistical standards and definitions (19th-21st ICLS) when available, or on the previous set (13th ICLS), as indicated in the introductory box.
- All ILO modelled estimates are based on the 13th ICLS.
- See the databases for sources, definitions, and caveats.
Key Definitions:
- Working poverty rate: share of employed persons living below US$3 PPP per day.
- Youth NEET rate: share of youth (ages 15-24) not in employment, education, or training.
- Gender pay gap: difference in men’s and women’s hourly earnings as a percentage of men’s.
- SDG indicator 8.8.2 measures national compliance with fundamental labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining); it is based on ILO supervisory texts and national laws not designed for statistical purposes, and its use does not imply agreement by the Member States on the sources’ conclusions.
- Missing data: missing charts, blank bars or missing dots in charts, and dashes in tables indicate data not available.
Total Employment in Israel
Israel IL: Total Employment data was reported at 4,647.814 Person th in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,501.184 Person th for 2022.
Israel IL: Total Employment data is updated yearly, averaging 2,774.493 Person th from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2023, with 39 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,647.814 Person th in 2023 and a record low of 1,579.669 Person th in 1985.
Israel IL: Total Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel - Table IL.OECD.MSTI: Population, Labour Force and Employment: OECD Member: Annual.
Here's a look at the total employment figures over the years:
| Year | Total Employment (Person th) |
|---|---|
| 1985 | 1,579.669 |
| 2022 | 4,501.184 |
| 2023 | 4,647.814 |
For Israel, defence R&D is excluded. Both the business enterprise and higher education surveys were improved in 2009, causing a break in series for the BERD financed by the rest of the world and by the Business Enterprise sector, as well as a break in 2007 for the HERD financed by the rest of the world and by the Higher Education sector.
Since 2001, the government sector is covered by a survey; beforehand government R&D was estimated through financial reports and interviews of accountants.
From 2000 onwards, hospitals were re-classified to the business sector from the government and PNP sectors.
Data for the higher education sector are partly based on universities’ financial reports. Before 2008, humanities and law are only partially covered in the higher education sector.
The 2009 BERD survey has given more options to businesses to break down the data by sources of funds.
CEIC’s economic databases cover over 200 global markets.
How Can I Understand Complex Labor Market Trends? - Demographic Data Answers
Key Trends in Israel's Labor Market
The labor market in Israel is relatively stable and includes advanced manufacturing and tech industries. Estimates showed that the number of employed people rose to 4.1 million in 2022, a slight increase compared to the previous year.
In 2020, there was a moderate decline in the number of employed people, probably due to government's restrictions on many sectors following the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.
In 2021, the education and healthcare industries constituted the largest sectors in the labor market in Israel. That year, 498,500 people worked in the education industry and around 457,000 in human health and social work activities.
Another important industry is the high-tech sector, a significant contributor to the country's economy. The employment conditions in this sector are considered excellent, including high wages and a variety of corporate benefits. In 2021, the number of employees in the computer programming and consultancy industry reached 182,000, making this industry the largest one within the sector.
Salaries and Working Hours
In general, there are significant differences between the average monthly salary in various industries. dollars) in the second month of 2023.
The OECD conducts comparative research regarding various key employment indicators of its member countries. In 2021, the average hours worked in a year per worker in Israel summed at 1,753 hours, slightly higher than the average hours in the OECD countries (1,716). In general, the number of working hours in the private sector in Israel is higher than in the public sector, where people usually work strictly fixed hours.
Gender Pay Gap
Regarding the gender pay gap, in 2019, the gap between the salaries of men and women stood at 24.32 percent, a higher percentage than the OECD average of 11.6 percent.
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